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  1. Subjects
  2. ESS

IB Environmental Systems and Societies

How natural systems and human societies affect each other, from ecosystems and biodiversity to water, land, climate and cities. An interdisciplinary course that counts for group 3 or group 4.

  • Group 4, sciences
  • Also counts as group 3
  • SL and HL
  • First assessment 2026

What Augment has for ESS

Counted from what is published today. Each part of the syllabus below links to its own page once something is on it.
Notes pages
48
Flashcards in 30 decks
7,073
Glossary terms
1,122
Counted on 20 October 2026

The ESS syllabus

9 topics and 30 subtopics, first assessment 2026. HL is everything here; 4 parts marked HL only are left out at SL.

Counts beside each line are what is published for it today.

  1. 1Foundationnotes

    1. 1.1Perspectivesnotes
    2. 1.2Systemsnotes
    3. 1.3Sustainabilitynotes
  2. 2Ecologynotes

    1. 2.1Individuals, populations, communities, and ecosystemsnotes
    2. 2.2Energy and biomass in ecosystemsnotes
    3. 2.3Biogeochemical cyclesnotes
    4. 2.4Climate and biomesnotes
    5. 2.5Zonation, succession and change in ecosystemsnotes
  3. 3Biodiversity and conservationnotes

    1. 3.1Biodiversity and evolutionnotes
    2. 3.2Human impact on biodiversitynotes
    3. 3.3Conservation and regenerationnotes
  4. 4Waternotes

    1. 4.1Water systemsnotes
    2. 4.2Water access, use and securitynotes
    3. 4.3Aquatic food production systemsnotes
    4. 4.4Water pollutionnotes
  5. 5Landnotes

    1. 5.1Soilnotes
    2. 5.2Agriculture and foodnotes
  6. 6Atmosphere and climate changenotes

    1. 6.1Introduction to the atmospherenotes
    2. 6.2Climate change—causes and impactsnotes
    3. 6.3Climate change—mitigation and adaptationnotes
    4. 6.4Stratospheric ozonenotes
  7. 7Natural resourcesnotes

    1. 7.1Natural resources—uses and managementnotes
    2. 7.2Energy sources—uses and managementnotes
    3. 7.3Solid wastenotes
  8. 8Human populations and urban systemsnotes

    1. 8.1Human populationsnotes
    2. 8.2Urban systems and urban planningnotes
    3. 8.3Urban air pollutionnotes
  9. HLHL lensesHL onlynotes

    1. HL.aEnvironmental lawHL onlynotes
    2. HL.bEnvironmental economicsHL onlynotes
    3. HL.cEnvironmental ethicsHL onlynotes

How ESS is assessed

From the subject guide, with a table for each level.

Standard Level

2 exams, 3 h in total, internal assessment 25% of the grade.

ComponentTimeMarksWeight
Paper 1Calculator

1 h · 35 marks

Compulsory questions analysing and evaluating data from an unseen case study.

1 h3525%
Paper 2Calculator

2 h · 60 marks

Section A: short-answer and data-based questions (40 marks). Section B: one structured essay from a choice of two (20 marks).

2 h6050%
Individual investigationInternal

Coursework · 30 marks

An investigation of an environmental question, from fieldwork or secondary data, written up in up to 3,000 words. About 10 hours of work, marked by your teacher and moderated by the IB.

Coursework3025%

Higher Level

2 exams, 4 h 30 min in total, internal assessment 20% of the grade.

ComponentTimeMarksWeight
Paper 1Calculator

2 h · 70 marks

Compulsory questions analysing and evaluating data from an unseen case study.

2 h7030%
Paper 2Calculator

2 h 30 min · 80 marks

Section A: short-answer and data-based questions (40 marks). Section B: two structured essays from a choice of three (40 marks).

2 h 30 min8050%
Individual investigationInternal

Coursework · 30 marks

An investigation of an environmental question, from fieldwork or secondary data, written up in up to 3,000 words. About 10 hours of work, marked by your teacher and moderated by the IB.

Coursework3020%
Every paper, the IA and grade boundaries

Questions about ESS

Useful for ESS

  • GlossaryEvery ESS term with a short definition, A to Z.
  • Assessment and boundariesEach ESS paper in full, the internal assessment and grade boundaries by session.
  • Grade calculatorTurn marks into a grade, or six grades and the core into Diploma points.
  • Exam skills notesHow to tackle each ESS paper. Opens in Augment.

Revise ESS one subtopic at a time

A free account keeps your place in the notes and a record of what you practice, topic by topic.

Start freeOpen ESS in Augment