25 of the History glossary’s terms, each with the part of the syllabus where you first meet it.
The meeting of Roosevelt, Churchill and Stalin in February 1945 that agreed Poland's new borders, the division of Germany and the repatriation of liberated Soviet and Allied citizens.
The Mongol network of relay stations that provided horses, food and lodging for officials, envoys and messengers across the empire.
The town in northern Shaanxi that was the CCP's capital from January 1937 to March 1947; the Yan'an period is the time in which the party built its base areas, army and methods under Mao.
The campaign of study, self-criticism and purges in the CCP in 1942–1944 that made Mao Zedong Thought the party's orthodoxy and removed his rivals' influence.
In colonial Peru, the status of Indigenous people attached personally to a Spanish master or estate, outside their home community and exempt from the mita.
Men and their families detached from their ayllu to serve the Inca ruler, nobles or temples permanently.
The hereditary aristocracy of Joseon Korea, whose families supplied scholar-officials, dominated the civil service examinations and held much of the land.
The body of rules and decrees attributed to Chinggis Khan that governed the army and the Mongol elite; no complete text survives.
A Shinto shrine in Tokyo that honours Japan's war dead, including fourteen Class A war criminals enshrined in 1978; visits by prime ministers have caused protests in China and South Korea.
Sensational, often exaggerated newspaper reporting designed to sell copies, associated with the rival New York papers of Hearst and Pulitzer in the 1890s.
In the antebellum US South, a small farmer who owned and worked his own land, mainly with family labour, and owned few or no enslaved people. Yeomen were the majority of white Southerners.
The Jewish sections of the Soviet Communist Party (1918–1930), which promoted communism among Jews and suppressed Jewish religious life, Hebrew and Zionism.
The Jewish community in Palestine before the creation of Israel in 1948, with its own institutions, economy and defence force.
The post-war Japanese strategy, associated with Prime Minister Yoshida Shigeru, of relying on the United States for security, keeping rearmament minimal and concentrating on economic recovery.
A revolutionary movement of young South Slav nationalists in Bosnia and Herzegovina before 1914; its member Gavrilo Princip assassinated Archduke Franz Ferdinand.
The movement founded by Giuseppe Mazzini in 1831 to create a single, independent, democratic Italian republic through education and popular insurrection.
A group of Ottoman writers and officials formed in 1865, including Namık Kemal, who called for a constitution, a parliament and Ottoman patriotism justified by Islamic principles.
The reparations agreement of 1929 that reduced Germany’s payments and spread them until 1988; German nationalists, joined by the Nazis, campaigned against it.
The rising of CUP officers in Macedonia in July 1908 that forced Abdülhamid II to restore the constitution of 1876.
The movement of Ottoman exiles, students and officers that opposed Abdülhamid II and sought to restore the constitution; its main organisation was the Committee of Union and Progress.
A population in which a very large share of people are young adults, usually after a period of high birth rates; it can increase pressure for jobs and political change.
The declaration of the Second Indonesian Youth Congress (28 October 1928) that its members acknowledged one motherland, one nation and one language of unity, Indonesia and Indonesian.
The official of the kingdom of Dahomey ("chief of the whites") who governed Whydah and supervised the European traders there on the king's behalf.
A famine of 1180–1182, caused by drought and harvest failure, that struck western Japan and Kyoto and weakened the Taira during the Genpei War.
The dynasty proclaimed by the Mongol ruler Khubilai Khan in 1271, which ruled all of China after the conquest of the Song in 1279 until 1368.