14 of the ESS glossary’s terms, each with the part of the syllabus where you first meet it.
The extent to which an investigation measures what it sets out to measure and its conclusions are justified by the data.
Qualities or principles that people feel have worth and importance in life, which shape their priorities, judgements, perspectives and choices.
A survey designed to investigate the values and perspectives of a social group towards an environmental issue, usually with closed questions such as Likert-scale statements.
A measure of spread equal to the sum of the squared differences between each value and the mean, divided by the number of values minus one.
The differences in characteristics between individuals of the same species; heritable variation is caused by differences in genes and alleles and can be passed to offspring.
The hypothesis, proposed by Frans Vera in 2000, that large wild herbivores kept much of lowland temperate Europe as a mosaic of open grassland, scrub and woodland rather than closed forest.
Traditional building design developed by local communities over time, using local materials and techniques suited to the local climate and culture.
Growing crops in stacked layers indoors, usually without soil and under artificial light, to obtain very high yields per unit of land area.
A satellite system that automatically reports the position, course and speed of fishing vessels to the authorities, used to enforce closed areas and other rules.
The volume of freshwater used to produce a good or service, which is effectively traded between countries when that good is exported or imported.
An ethical approach that judges actions by the character of the person who performs them, asking what a virtuous person, with qualities such as compassion and responsibility, would do.
Carbon-based chemicals that evaporate easily at normal temperatures, such as unburned fuel, solvents and some plant emissions, which react with nitrogen oxides in sunlight to form photochemical smog.
A sampling method in which people choose to take part, for example by answering an online link; those with strong views are more likely to respond.
The IUCN Red List category for species facing a high risk of extinction in the wild; the lowest of the three threatened categories.